{"id":2588,"date":"2021-06-17T01:59:13","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T01:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fclatbz2dc.wpdns.site\/?p=2588"},"modified":"2024-01-22T01:34:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T01:34:02","slug":"learn-the-truth-about-laser-welding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/cs\/learn-the-truth-about-laser-welding\/","title":{"rendered":"Zjist\u011bte pravdu o laserov\u00e9m sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed: <\/span>31<\/span> minut<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a technick\u00e9 parametry<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Slo\u017een\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm laser, p\u0159enos paprsku, zaost\u0159ovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, zdroj plynu (ochrann\u00fd plyn), trysku, sva\u0159ovac\u00ed stroj, pracovn\u00ed st\u016fl, opera\u010dn\u00ed panel, nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroj, \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9m atd. J\u00e1drem za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je laser slo\u017een\u00fd z optick\u00e9ho oscil\u00e1toru a m\u00e9dium um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 mezi zrcadly na obou konc\u00edch dutiny oscil\u00e1toru. Kdy\u017e je m\u00e9dium vybuzeno do vysokoenergetick\u00e9ho stavu, sva\u0159ovac\u00ed stroj produkuje sv\u011bteln\u00e9 vlny stejn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed se tam a zp\u011bt mezi zrcadly na obou konc\u00edch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed efekt fotoelektrick\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed strun, zesiluje sv\u011bteln\u00e9 vlny a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 dostate\u010dnou energii pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed laserov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch laserov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f se za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed d\u011bl\u00ed na pevn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed YAG a CO2<\/sub> plynov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed; podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch metod laseru se d\u011bl\u00ed na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro pulzn\u00ed laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez ohledu na druh vybaven\u00ed je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b podobn\u00e9. Slo\u017een\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a sva\u0159ovac\u00ed ho\u0159\u00e1k<\/a> je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn na obr\u00e1zc\u00edch 1.1 a 1.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Slo\u017een\u00ed
Obr\u00e1zek 1.1 Slo\u017een\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed
1-Laser, 2-paprskov\u00fd detektor, 3-Deflection zaost\u0159ovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, 4-Workbench, 5-Control syst\u00e9m<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed
Obr\u00e1zek 1.2 Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sva\u0159ovac\u00edho ho\u0159\u00e1ku<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Laser<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Laser je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed laserov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Charakteristiky sva\u0159ovac\u00edho laseru jsou uvedeny v tabulce 3.1. Podle zp\u016fsobu chlazen\u00ed vzduchem je CO2<\/sub> plynov\u00fd laser se d\u011bl\u00ed na typ s p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdm tokem, typ s axi\u00e1ln\u00edm tokem (vysok\u00e1 rychlost a n\u00edzk\u00e1 rychlost) a typ dif\u00fazn\u00edho chlazen\u00ed. V\u00fdkonov\u00e9 charakteristiky r\u016fzn\u00fdch CO2<\/sub> lasery jsou uvedeny v tabulce 3.2.          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s CO2<\/sub> lasery, YAG lasery maj\u00ed krat\u0161\u00ed vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky laseru a mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny p\u0159es optick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna, co\u017e zna\u010dn\u011b zjednodu\u0161uje syst\u00e9m sv\u011btlovodu a je vhodn\u00e9 pro trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed; je prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd pro absorpci kovov\u00fdch povrch\u016f a je vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro materi\u00e1ly s vysokou odrazivost\u00ed (jako jsou hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny atd.) Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laser<\/td>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka\/\u0447m<\/td>Pracovn\u00ed re\u017eim  <\/td>Frekvence opakov\u00e1n\u00ed \/Hz<\/td>V\u00fdstupn\u00ed v\u00fdkon nebo energetick\u00fd rozsah  <\/td>Hlavn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del<\/td><\/tr>
Rub\u00ednov\u00fd laser<\/td>0.69<\/td>Puls<\/td>0-1<\/td>1-100 J<\/td>Bodov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
Laser na neodymov\u00e9 sklo<\/td>1.06<\/td>Puls<\/td>0-0.1<\/td>1-100 J<\/td>Bodov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
YAG laser<\/td>1.06<\/td>Pulzn\u00ed kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>0-400<\/td>1-100J 0-2KW<\/td>Bodov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy  <\/td><\/tr>
Uzav\u0159en\u00fd CO2<\/sub> laser<\/td>10.6<\/td>Kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>–<\/td>0-1 kW<\/td>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy<\/td><\/tr>
K\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fd laser<\/td>10.6<\/td>Kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>–<\/td>0-25 kW<\/td>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava<\/td><\/tr>
Vysokorychlostn\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00ed proud\u011bn\u00ed CO2<\/sub> laser<\/td>10.6<\/td>Nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd puls<\/td>0-5000<\/td>0-6 kW<\/td>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Tabulka 3.1 Vlastnosti sva\u0159ovac\u00edho laseru<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Polo\u017eka<\/td>Typ k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9ho toku<\/td>Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed typ proud\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>Typ dif\u00fazn\u00edho chlazen\u00ed  <\/td><\/tr>
\u00darove\u0148 v\u00fdstupn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu<\/td>3-45 kW<\/td>1,5-20 kW<\/td>0,2-3,5 kW<\/td><\/tr>
Pulzn\u00ed kapacita<\/td>DC<\/td>DC-1kHz<\/td>DC-5 kHz<\/td><\/tr>
Re\u017eim paprsku<\/td>Nad TEM02<\/sub><\/td>TEM00<\/sub>, TEM01<\/sub><\/td>TEM00<\/sub>, TEM01<\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
Koeficient \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed paprsku<\/td>\u22650,18<\/td>\u22650,4<\/td>\u22650,8<\/td><\/tr>
Spot\u0159eba plynu<\/td>Mal\u00fd<\/td>Velk\u00fd<\/td>Velmi mal\u00e9<\/td><\/tr>
Elektricko-optick\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost konverze<\/td>\u226415%<\/td>\u226415%<\/td>\u226430%<\/td><\/tr>
Sva\u0159ovac\u00ed efekt<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Lep\u0161\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
\u0158ezn\u00fd efekt<\/td>Chud\u00fd<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Lep\u0161\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
Transforma\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td><\/tr>
Povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td><\/tr>
Povrchov\u00e9 opl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td>Nen\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Tabulka 3.2 V\u00fdkonov\u00e9 charakteristiky r\u016fzn\u00fdch CO2 laser\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi plynov\u00fdmi a pevnol\u00e1tkov\u00fdmi lasery maj\u00ed vl\u00e1knov\u00e9 lasery vyvinut\u00e9 v posledn\u00edch letech n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n