{"id":2389,"date":"2021-05-11T02:55:56","date_gmt":"2021-05-11T02:55:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fclatbz2dc.wpdns.site\/?p=2389"},"modified":"2024-01-22T01:34:05","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T01:34:05","slug":"what-is-the-laser-resonator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/what-is-the-laser-resonator\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"yoast-reading-time__wrapper\"><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__icon\"><\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__descriptive-text\">Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh:  <\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__reading-time\">37<\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__time-unit\"> ph\u00fat<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ngu\u1ed3n laser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser, bao g\u1ed3m laser kh\u00ed, laser l\u1ecfng, laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang h\u1ecdc b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c laser kh\u00e1c. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i laser CO<sub>2 <\/sub>laser kh\u00ed, laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG v\u00e0 laser s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-basic-composition-and-development-of-laser\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-basic-composition-of-laser\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a laser<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i laser nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra laser th\u00f4ng qua k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a laser l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch), ngu\u1ed3n k\u00edch th\u00edch (n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n b\u01a1m) v\u00e0 khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ba ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-working-substance\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tia laser ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00ed, l\u1ecfng, r\u1eafn, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n d\u1eabn. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laze. S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3. C\u00f3 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra bao ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-excitation-source\">Ngu\u1ed3n k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t trong ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u00ealectron c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n; Ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng xung c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u00edch th\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch quang h\u1ecdc; c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t, k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 b\u01a1m ho\u1eb7c b\u01a1m. \u0110\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edch th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-optical-cavity\">Khoang quang h\u1ecdc<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n k\u00edch th\u00edch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea1o ra theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch. Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi hai g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 quang h\u1ecdc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c photon ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111i \u0111i l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i trong khoang nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t dao \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m tia dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong h\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tia laser \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-development-of-lasers\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd laser hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd laser, c\u00e1c tia laser c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i laser m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c tia laser x\u1eed l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n laser ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao CO<sub>2<\/sub>, laser kh\u00ed v\u00e0 laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG b\u01a1m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e8n. D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd laser, CO gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cao<sub>2 <\/sub>v\u00e0 laser xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze. B\u1ea3ng 2.1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i laser &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i k\u00edn<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ecdc tr\u1ee5c ch\u1eadm<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00e9o<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ecdc tr\u1ee5c nhanh<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Qu\u1ea1t t\u0103ng \u00e1p D\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c nhanh &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n SLAB &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tu\u1ed5i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90 &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \/ W<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">500 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">20000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia (M<sup>2<\/sup> h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia (K<sub>NS<\/sub>\/ mm \u2022 mrad)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">17<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>B\u1ea3ng 2.1 T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO s\u1edbm<sub>2 <\/sub>laze c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laze, nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laze \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia c\u1ee7a laze \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laze chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u1ea5m l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1eaft laser, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO<sub>2<\/sub> m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t tia laser c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 10,6\u0447m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n tia laser, v\u00e0 plasma g\u00e2y ra th\u1eddi gian h\u00e0n l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t kh\u00e1c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 1,06 \u0447m \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c tia laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn YAG th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u01a1m \u0111\u00e8n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t laser th\u1ea5p (kho\u1ea3ng 3%) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia k\u00e9m. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 laser, laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn YAG ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i laser m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong B\u1ea3ng 2.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i laser &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0110\u00e8n b\u01a1m<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Diode b\u01a1m<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">B\u01a1m ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0110\u0129a v\u1ea3y &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">B\u01a1m cu\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">laser s\u1ee3i quang &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tu\u1ed5i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \/ W<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4400 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2000 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4000 \uff08nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu\uff09 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">200 &nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia (M<sup>2<\/sup> h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">70<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">70<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia (K<sub>NS<\/sub>\/ mm \u2022 mard)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">25<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">12<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">12<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.35<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">25<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>B\u1ea3ng 2.2 T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua b\u1ea3ng 2.1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng 2.2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a laser, m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia c\u1ee7a laser. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia laser th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd laser h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t laser v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/more-knowledge-to-improving-laser-cutting-machine\/\">tia laze<\/a> c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"482\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality.jpg\" alt=\"The development of manufacturing lasers with laser power and beam quality\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2393\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality.jpg 800w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality-500x301.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality-700x422.jpg 700w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-development-of-manufacturing-lasers-with-laser-power-and-beam-quality-768x463.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.1 S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t laser v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia laser<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. So v\u1edbi CO c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG, laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eb9, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cao c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn kh\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 laser s\u1ee3i quang, laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn b\u01a1m ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 laser t\u1ea5m, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, laser s\u1ee3i quang \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 laser s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ee3i quang, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn s\u1ee3i quang, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u laser v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser kh\u00ed sang laser s\u1ee3i quang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laser kh\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t tia laser s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CO<sub>2<\/sub> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf N<sup>2<\/sup> v\u00e0 He c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ee3i, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a laser. CO<sub>2<\/sub> laze c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra l\u1edbn. CO \u1ed1ng k\u00edn n\u00f3i chung<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c watt, cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c. D\u00f2ng b\u00ean k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c kilowatt.<\/li><li>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 30% ~ 40%, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c.<\/li><li>CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i phong ph\u00fa. C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1ch quang ph\u1ed5 trong tia laser ph\u00e1t ra g\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 10 \u0447m. Kh\u00ed CO \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<sub>2<\/sub> laser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb 9 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 \u0447m.<\/li><li>D\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2 <\/sub>laser ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao)<\/li><li>Ngo\u00e0i ra, CO<sub>2<\/sub> laze c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao, t\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n h\u1eb9p, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ... n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t CO k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ecdc k\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<sub>2<\/sub> <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jAmrj9dkzd0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tia laze<\/a> b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng laze, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng (H\u00ecnh 2.2). Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng laser l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh c\u1ee9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ed1ng b\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. L\u1edbp trong c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng v\u1ecf l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"418\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure.jpg\" alt=\"Schematic diagram of CO2laser structure\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2394\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure.jpg 800w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure-500x261.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure-700x366.jpg 700w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-CO2-laser-structure-768x401.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.2 Gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub>c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac laser<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ed0ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng c\u1ed9t d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed. V\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t mang n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 electron, ion, h\u1ea1t si\u00eau vi v\u00e0 photon, l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a laser. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi 100W \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh (100 ~ 500W) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 10mm, v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ng\u0103n \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00edch th\u00edch ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp th\u00eam v\u1ecf l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 gas \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra lu\u00f4n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u1ed0ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qua \u1ed1ng h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng trong \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed. Kh\u00ed trong \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi kh\u00ed trong \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ed0ng h\u1ed3i kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng m\u1ecfng xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c n\u1ed1i hai kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n di g\u00e2y ra. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap kh\u00ed \u1edf c\u1ef1c \u00e2m nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y sang v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u0103n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m cat\u1ed1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t ra c\u00e1c electron, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed CO<sub>2<\/sub>. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft CO<sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c niken, v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. S\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5c v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra. C\u00e1c g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a CO c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p<sub>2<\/sub> b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee7y tinh m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng, v\u00ec m\u00e0ng v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao 10,6 \u0447m v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, g\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ec1n th\u1ee7y tinh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m n\u00ean CO n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<sub>2<\/sub> laser th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c g\u01b0\u01a1ng molypden, ho\u1eb7c g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a oxy \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. G\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 10,6um l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u ra gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 kali clorua, natri clorua, nh\u00f4m, asen, k\u1ebdm selen, cadimi Telluride, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laser th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 l\u00f5m. G\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh quang h\u1ecdc K8 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea1ch anh quang h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7u l\u00f5m c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong l\u1edbn. M\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp phim kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao - m\u1ed9t phim m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng, \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 10. 6\u0447m H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t 98,8%, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb carbon dioxide l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec k\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf \u1edf t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecbt m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tia laser 10,6 \u0447m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn kh\u00ed, l\u00e0m cho tia laser trong ngo\u00e0i khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khoang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laze ho\u1eb7c dao \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed CO k\u00edn<sub>2<\/sub> m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m molypden ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m niken th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 30 ~ 40MA, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 cat\u1ed1t l\u00e0 500cm<sup>2<\/sup>, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt ch\u1eafn s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa cat\u1ed1t v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh. M\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng laze<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ngang CO<sub>2<\/sub> m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze. D\u00f2ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1c. CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft. So v\u1edbi CO kh\u00e1c<sub>2<\/sub> laser, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00e9o CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00e9o<sub>2 <\/sub>laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao (HF), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng plasma song song v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a khoang. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a plasma th\u1ea5p, d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed \u0111i qua v\u00f9ng plasma vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi ch\u00f9m tia, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed \u0111i qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a plasma r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a tia laser kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i tia laser n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 1m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 8KW. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed qua plasma n\u00ean tia laser lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u1ed5i tia plasma ra xa m\u1ea1ch ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh, khi\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng plasma tr\u00ean ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n tia l\u1ec7ch \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia kh\u00f4ng cao. , v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadc cao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m tia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c nhanh CO<sub>2<\/sub> m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 2.3. Lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed laze c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i CO n\u00e0y<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m watt \u0111\u1ebfn 20KW. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1eaft laser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c nhanh CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn (RF). H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a plasma gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh mai. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n plasma ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ra xung quanh, v\u00f9ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y tinh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 r\u1ed7ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng s\u1ee9. Plasma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00f2ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 20 ~ 30KV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2395\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser.jpg 800w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser-500x219.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser-700x306.jpg 700w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Fast-axial-flow-CO2-laser-768x336.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.3 D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ecdc tr\u1ee5c nhanh CO<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00ed tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, qu\u1ea1t th\u1ed5i Roots ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t b\u00e1nh xe \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3n d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m watt c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y k\u00edch th\u00edch DC. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a laser b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t d\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a CO<sub>2<\/sub> b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, k\u00edch th\u00edch RF cao h\u01a1n k\u00edch th\u00edch DC v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 plasma cao h\u01a1n. Laser d\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c k\u00edch th\u00edch RF trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng quang h\u1ecdc, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 20KW. Axial CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser, do \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a plasma, d\u1ec5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ki\u1ec3u slat<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze. CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed CO s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u00eam phong<sub>2 <\/sub>tia laze. Kh\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a CO k\u00edn<sub>2<\/sub> tia laser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc trong m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00e0nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng \u1ed1ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 50W n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng laser tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i laser n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn. CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bao b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng laser c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch h\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ra kh\u1ecfi khoang ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<sub>2<\/sub> m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c g\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. V\u00ec khoang kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quang h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i laser k\u00edch th\u00edch, n\u00ean CO l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n d\u1ea1ng phi\u1ebfn<sub>2<\/sub> laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00f9m tia laser m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia laser Cao, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00f9m tia \u0111\u1ea7u ra ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i laser n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00f9m tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00f9m tia ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n tia laze \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, d\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i laser n\u00e0y l\u00e0 1 ~ 5KW.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n phi\u1ebfn CO<sub>2 <\/sub>Laser c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i l\u00e0 trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed CO.<sub>2<\/sub> tia laze. Kh\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c laser, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng 10L \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u laser \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c laser. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng laser b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-semiconductor-laser\">M\u1ed9t tia laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i laser c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser kh\u00e1c, laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-semiconductor-foundation\">N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn tinh khi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c cho v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn. H\u00ecnh 2.4 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 Si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"595\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Impurity-level-of-Si-single-crystal-semiconductor.jpg\" alt=\"Impurity level of Si single crystal semiconductor\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2473\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Impurity-level-of-Si-single-crystal-semiconductor.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Impurity-level-of-Si-single-crystal-semiconductor-300x298.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Impurity-level-of-Si-single-crystal-semiconductor-150x149.jpg 150w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Impurity-level-of-Si-single-crystal-semiconductor-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.4 M\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 Si<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3. Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 trong tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3. Khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c electron \u1edf v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t \u00ealectron trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c electron trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i n; ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i p. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cho c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i n b\u1ecb ion h\u00f3a b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ef1 do. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i p b\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u00ealectron trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn; b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i p sang v\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn. M\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i n khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i p khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng n. V\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n g\u1ea7n v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t cho, v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i p g\u1ea7n v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n sang v\u00f9ng p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf). \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn, v\u00f9ng p n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00ealectron trong tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u00ealectron t\u1ef1 do trong v\u00f9ng n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf thu\u1eadn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng p qua ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn. Khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f9ng ti\u00eam. Khi c\u00e1c electron trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u00f9ng ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t quang \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t quang t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laze, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong khu v\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 30KA \/ cm<sup>2<\/sup>). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1eaft (110 m\u1eb7t) vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 35%, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng laser. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp SiO<sub>2<\/sub> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u01a1n 95%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t khi ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conditions-for-semiconductor-stimulated-emission\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eam h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 tia laser ph\u00e1t ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p.<\/li><li>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c photon c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng laze.<\/li><li>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho photon \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u1ee7a photon.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-injection-type-homojunction-semiconductor-laser\">Lo\u1ea1i tia laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eam<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e1y c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn GaAs \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u ti\u00eam l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i pn bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i p v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 GaAs), v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ti\u00eam d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u01a1m cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00ecnh 2.5 (a) cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i laser n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean v\u1ecf \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tia laser v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. B\u00ean trong v\u1ecf l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n laser, nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 2.5 (b). C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n, H\u00ecnh 2.5 (c) l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh mesa. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c micr\u00f4m\u00e9t. N\u00f3i chung, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng GaAs lo\u1ea1i p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng GaAs lo\u1ea1i n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.6-Typical-structure-of-homojunction-GaAs-semiconductor-laser.jpg\" alt=\"2.6 Typical structure of homojunction GaAs semiconductor laser\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2476\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.6-Typical-structure-of-homojunction-GaAs-semiconductor-laser.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.6-Typical-structure-of-homojunction-GaAs-semiconductor-laser-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.5 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn GaAs ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a laser th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hai m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p pn. Chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a GaAs l\u00e0 3,6 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 32%. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-heterojunction-semiconductor-laser\">Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y. Laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u0169ng l\u00e0 laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n (SH) v\u00e0 laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p (SH). Laser ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (DH).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n. H\u00ecnh 2.6 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n (GaAs-P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng sau khi b\u1ed5 sung v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t GaAs-P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00eda P-GaAs, r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng electron giao di\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c electron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o P-GaAs t\u1eeb N-GaAs ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong v\u00f9ng P \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c photon. Do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a P-GaAs v\u00e0 P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0, c\u00e1c photon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong l\u1edbp P-GaAs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 photon l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 8KA \/ cm<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.7-Energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-GaAs-P-Ga1-xAlxAs-single-heterojunction.jpg\" alt=\"Energy band, refractive index and light intensity distribution of GaAs- P-Ga1-xAlxAs single heterojunction\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2477\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.7-Energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-GaAs-P-Ga1-xAlxAs-single-heterojunction.jpg 400w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.7-Energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-GaAs-P-Ga1-xAlxAs-single-heterojunction-223x300.jpg 223w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.6 D\u1ea3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n GaAs- P-Ga1-xAlxAs<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ngu\u1ed3n laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n, d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t mang, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eam, v\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 0,3 &lt;x&lt;0.5. In a semiconductor laser resonator, the thickness d of the active region is critical. If d is too large, it will lose the meaning of carrier limitation, and if d is too small, it will increase the loss. In single heterojunction lasers, d\u22482\u0447m is generally adopted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngu\u1ed3n laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p. Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh pha l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 N-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As, P-GaAs, P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As, As c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y l\u00e0ng N-GaAs. C\u00f3 N- Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As, as c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 P- Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng P-GaAs, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh N-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As \/ P-GaAs v\u00e0 P-GaAs \/ P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>L\u00e0 hai d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a N-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>As v\u00e0 P-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong h\u00ecnh 2.7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"339\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2431\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure.jpg 800w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure-500x212.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure-700x297.jpg 700w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure-300x127.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schematic-diagram-of-double-heterojunction-laser-structure-768x325.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.7 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00ecnh 2.8 cho th\u1ea5y d\u1ea3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p. V\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng P-GaAs \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa hai Ga b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y, do t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eam electron. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ti\u00eam l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t mang, th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t mang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p. Khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p, ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y d c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t mang, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t mang s\u1ebd l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i laser n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.9-GaAs-Ga1-xAlxAs-energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-double-heterojunction.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2478\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.9-GaAs-Ga1-xAlxAs-energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-double-heterojunction.jpg 400w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.9-GaAs-Ga1-xAlxAs-energy-band-refractive-index-and-light-intensity-distribution-of-double-heterojunction-229x300.jpg 229w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.8 GaAs-Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0, d\u1ea3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f4i d\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u0103ng r\u1ed9ng, chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea3y theo th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c photon b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. D\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 photon, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a laser gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a laser \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 laser d\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p thanh (DH). Trong GaAs \/ Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>L\u00e0 laser DH, d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n GaAs t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng laser kho\u1ea3ng 0,89um. Laser InP \/ InGaAsP DH bao ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m vi 0,92 ~ 1,65\u0447m. V\u00ec m\u1ee9c suy hao s\u1ee3i quang th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1,3 ~ 1,6\u0447m, laser InP \/ InGaAsP DH c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, trong khi GaAs \/ Ga<sub>1-x<\/sub>Al<sub>NS<\/sub>Nh\u01b0 laze DH th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c s\u1ee3i quang kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-yag-solid-state-laser\">Laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 laser l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a laser (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n) trong laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 laser c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7y tinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3. tia laser v\u00e0 tia laser th\u1ee7y tinh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, hai lo\u1ea1i laser n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser, laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i laser \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Lo\u1ea1i tia laser n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 ba v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh cho laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn; Garnet nh\u00f4m yttrium pha t\u1ea1p neodymium (Nd: YAG), v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra 1,06 \u0447m, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 xanh lam; th\u1ee7y tinh neodymium, c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ra 1,06 \u0447m, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh t\u00edm; ruby, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra l\u00e0 0,694\u0447m, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser YAG l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Laser YAG ra \u0111\u1eddi mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi laser th\u1ee7y tinh ruby \u200b\u200bv\u00e0 neodymium. N\u0103m 1964, tinh th\u1ec3 YAG \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tinh th\u1ec3 YAG kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf tinh th\u1ec3 YAG k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1971, c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 Nd: YAG k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 40mm v\u00e0 d\u00e0i 200mm \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser YAG v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a YAG tia laze. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a laser \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng laser YAG. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a laser YAG v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c laser kh\u00e1c nhau, radar laser, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p laser v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng laser. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Radar theo d\u00f5i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c Laser YAG (h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PATS) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971 b\u1edfi C\u00f4ng ty Silvania c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng laser YAG \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-structure-of-yag-laser\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a laser YAG<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i chung, laser YAG \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn laser Nd: YAG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t Nd h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ba<sup>3+<\/sup> trong tinh th\u1ec3 ng\u1ecdc h\u1ed3ng l\u1ef1u yttrium nh\u00f4m (YAG). N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n laser c\u1eadn h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i 1,06 \u0447m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tia laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. Trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser xung c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, laser Nd: YAG hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser kh\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t xung \u0111\u01a1n do tia laser n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 107W ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao. Laser YAG c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, x\u1eed l\u00fd an to\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v.v. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Tinh th\u1ec3 Nd: YAG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb laze li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser YAG bao g\u1ed3m thanh ngu\u1ed3n laser YAG, \u0111\u00e8n xenon, h\u1ed1c t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc Q, b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng, b\u00e1n h\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp, v.v., c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 2.9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"267\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/YAG-laser-structure-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2491\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/YAG-laser-structure-1.jpg 700w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/YAG-laser-structure-1-500x191.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/YAG-laser-structure-1-300x114.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.9 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac laser YAG<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi quang YAG l\u00e0 thanh Nd: YAG, hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u00e1m, hai \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0i th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1. Tinh th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tinh th\u1ec3 kali tetany oxit (KTP) v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t. Khoang quang ph\u1ed5 laser s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t khoang \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00f5m plano, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i khoang l\u00e0 530mm, v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng l\u00f5m plano l\u00e0 2m. Vui l\u00f2ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n qua cao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao cho g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Q c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoang g\u1ea5p ba g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5 1,3mm, bao g\u1ed3m hai m\u00f4-\u0111un b\u01a1m laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, m\u1ed7i m\u00f4-\u0111un bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 20W (LD) v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 808nm, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng v\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5 Nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 3nm, tinh th\u1ec3 laze c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 3mm \u00d7 75mm Nd: YAG, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 pha t\u1ea1p l\u00e0 1,0% v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 quay b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1ch anh 1.319nm laser 90 \u00b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f4-\u0111un b\u01a1m LD \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebft do nhi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y ra . <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c xuy\u00ean t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c xuy\u00ean t\u00e2m ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc Q chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch quang c\u00f3 suy hao nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra xung chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Q v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong ph\u1ea1m vi 1 ~ 50kHz. Khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh tay g\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 phi tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u01b0\u01a1ng Plano M<sub>1<\/sub> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phim ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao k\u00e9p 1319nm, 659. 4nm, g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7u l\u00f5m M<sub>2<\/sub> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7u l\u00f5m M<sub>3<\/sub> l\u00e0 phim ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao ba b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 1319nm, 659nm, 440nm. V\u00ec c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ea1ch quang ph\u1ed5 1064nm c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 Nd: YAG g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5 \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 1319nm n\u00ean M<sub>1<\/sub>, NS<sub>2<\/sub>, NS<sub>3<\/sub>, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u01b0\u01a1ng khoang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 1064nm ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 60%, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau dao \u0111\u1ed9ng laser 1064nm. c\u1ee7a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m suy hao ch\u00e8n trong khoang, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong khoang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1. Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh quang h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 Nd: YAG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng 120 \u00b0 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u01a1m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ea1ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Gauss. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Eigenmode c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec tinh th\u1ec3 liti Tribemate (LBO) c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p pha t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 k\u00e9p v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ba t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 1319nm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 phi tuy\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn hai Tinh th\u1ec3 LBO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 trong tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng trong tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-output-characteristics-of-yag-laser\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a laser YAG<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Laser Nd: YAG b\u01a1m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e8n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 2.10 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 2.11. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i Nd: YAG c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh que, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1c t\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4i. Hai \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1m n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean hai ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh elip k\u00e9p, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ea3y gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1m v\u00e0 thanh laze b\u1eb1ng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y tinh.<\/li><li>Trong laser c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a que laser gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i que laser. Nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong thanh laze v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thanh laze g\u00e2y ra gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a laser Nd: YAG m\u1ed9t thanh l\u00e0 50 ~ 800W. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c laser Nd: YAG c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c thanh laser Nd: YAG.<\/li><li>Laser Nd: YAG b\u01a1m \u0111i-\u1ed1t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a laser Nd: YAG b\u01a1m \u0111i-\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2.12 v\u00e0 laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn GaAlAs \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng b\u01a1m.<\/li><li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n b\u01a1m gi\u00fap t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u01a1m \u0111\u00e8n. Laser Nd: YAG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m \u0111i-\u1ed1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cao c\u1ee7a laser Nd: YAG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m \u0111i-\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u1ed5 t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Nd: YAG. Laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn GaAIAs ph\u00e1t ra b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng d\u1ea3i h\u1eb9p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Al, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 808nm, n\u1eb1m trong d\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Nd<sup>3+<\/sup> v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n quang c\u1ee7a laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 40%-50%, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 diode b\u01a1m Nd; Laser YAG c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n 10%. Trong khi \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng, tinh th\u1ec3 Nd: YAG ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a quang ph\u1ed5, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"357\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pump-lamp-and-laser-rod-of-laser-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2503\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pump-lamp-and-laser-rod-of-laser-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pump-lamp-and-laser-rod-of-laser-1-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pump-lamp-and-laser-rod-of-laser-1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pump-lamp-and-laser-rod-of-laser-1-150x89.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.10 \u0110\u00e8n b\u01a1m v\u00e0 thanh laze c\u1ee7a tia laze<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Multi-laser-rod-resonator-fiber-output-kilowatt.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2492\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Multi-laser-rod-resonator-fiber-output-kilowatt.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Multi-laser-rod-resonator-fiber-output-kilowatt-500x244.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Multi-laser-rod-resonator-fiber-output-kilowatt-300x147.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.11 \u0110\u1ea7u ra s\u1ee3i quang c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng thanh \u0111a laser kilowatt Nd: YAG laser<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"256\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/diode-pumped-laser-structure-diagram-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2502\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/diode-pumped-laser-structure-diagram-7.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/diode-pumped-laser-structure-diagram-7-500x213.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/diode-pumped-laser-structure-diagram-7-300x128.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac laser Nd: YAG 12 Diode b\u01a1m<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fiber-laser\">Laser s\u1ee3i quang<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-classification-of-fiber-lasers\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i laser s\u1ee3i quang<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser s\u1ee3i quang l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i laser s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i quang l\u00e0m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n laser. Theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang pha t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm kh\u00e1c nhau trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u ra laser c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li><li>Laser s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng phi tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 Raman k\u00edch th\u00edch (SRS), v.v.<\/li><li>Laser s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m laser s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3ng ng\u1ecdc, laser s\u1ee3i quang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01a1n Nd: YAG, v.v.<\/li><li>Nhu\u1ed9m laser s\u1ee3i quang, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00f5i nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra tia laser.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser s\u1ee3i n\u00e0y, laser s\u1ee3i quang v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ee3i quang, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn s\u1ee3i quang, v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng laze, lo\u1ea1i laze n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-waveguide-principle-of-fiber-laser\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a laser s\u1ee3i quang<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2.13. So v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn, laser s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ch\u00f9m tia t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9m tia v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o laser s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng quang. N\u00f3i chung, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng quang h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed pha t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon, th\u1ee7y tinh photphat v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh florua cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 suy gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 10dB \/ km, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0i b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ec3 laser \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eafn k\u1ebft tinh, d\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n th\u1ee7y tinh l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngu\u1ed3n b\u01a1m diode laser c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi laser s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"373\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-geometry-of-a-single-layer-fiber-laser-2.jpg\" alt=\"The geometry of a single-layer fiber laser source\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2522\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-geometry-of-a-single-layer-fiber-laser-2.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-geometry-of-a-single-layer-fiber-laser-2-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.13 H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3i quang ch\u1ee9a l\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng pha t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t n<sub>1<\/sub>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ee7y tinh silica tinh khi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 n<sub>2<\/sub>&lt;n<sub>1<\/sub>. Do \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa l\u00f5i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong l\u1edbp l\u00f5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u01a1m v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 laser, l\u1edbp l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a laser s\u1ee3i quang v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp polyme b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi laser s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch quang h\u1ecdc, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00f5i laser th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i quang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i micromet. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u01a1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ee3i quang \u0111a mode, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong kho\u1ea3ng 1W. \u0110\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y b\u01a1m theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 ch\u00f9m c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf l\u1edbn v\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ngang cao h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia. Hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hai l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp l\u00f5i c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tia laze, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-double-clad-fiber-laser\">Laser s\u1ee3i quang hai l\u1edbp<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3i pha t\u1ea1p hai l\u1edbp bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n: l\u00f5i, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean trong, l\u1edbp b\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i s\u1ee3i quang l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m t\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 trong l\u00f5i; nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser truy\u1ec1n trong l\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u1ed1p b\u00ean trong l\u00e0 bao b\u1ecdc l\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng laser b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u00ean trong l\u00f5i; nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng, s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u1ed1p b\u00ean trong l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp \u1ed1p b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u1ed1p ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i qua l\u00f5i s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01a1n mode v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi laser s\u1ee3i quang hai l\u1edbp, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u01a1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp l\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp l\u00f5i \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 xung quanh. L\u1edbp l\u00f5i b\u01a1m c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp \u1ed1p. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng quang c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp l\u00f5i b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp l\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 xung quanh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ee7y tinh silica pha t\u1ea1p flo ho\u1eb7c polyme c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i b\u01a1m l\u00e0 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m micr\u00f4m\u00e9t, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 NA\u22480,32 ~ 0,7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 2.14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"368\" src=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"http:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.15-Double-clad-fiber-laser-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade wp-image-2488\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.15-Double-clad-fiber-laser-4.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.15-Double-clad-fiber-laser-4-300x221.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2.14 Laser s\u1ee3i quang hai l\u1edbp<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ph\u00e1t ra \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f5i m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o l\u00f5i laser tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ee9c cao \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u01a1m \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao th\u00e0nh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 laser, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-technical-characteristics-of-fiber-laser-source\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Laser s\u1ee3i quang cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m tia laze cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. Khi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng laser kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn kh\u00e1c (th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m b\u00e1n d\u1eabn), laser s\u1ee3i quang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng quang nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u0103ng k\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia. Khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, laser s\u1ee3i quang kh\u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang, t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u01a1m s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Do t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i laser s\u1ee3i quang l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi laser b\u01a1m b\u00e1n d\u1eabn r\u1eafn. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi laser l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi laser s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, ngu\u1ed3n laser s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>S\u1ee3i quang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00f5i nh\u1ecf, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong l\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ee3i quang hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tia laser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng laser., Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9m tia \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng d\u00f2ng h\u1eb9p.<\/li><li>V\u00ec s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e9p trong kho\u1ea3ng -20 ~ + 70 \u2103, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/li><li>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n.<\/li><li>B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t, ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/li><li>C\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1ch t\u1eed s\u1ee3i Bragg v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n qua th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i b\u1ecdc k\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Laser Raman to\u00e0n s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng s\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, m\u1ed9t khoang \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u trong khoang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ngu\u1ed3n laser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng laser, bao g\u1ed3m laser kh\u00ed, laser l\u1ecfng, laser th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang h\u1ecdc b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c laser kh\u00e1c. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i laser ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 laser kh\u00ed CO2, laser b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn YAG v\u00e0 laser s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[887,888,889,886,890],"class_list":["post-2389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-laser-cutting-machine","tag-co2-laser","tag-cold-water","tag-discharge-tube","tag-electrode","tag-pump-source"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LASER-SYSTEM-1.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2389"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2389\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mydery.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}